On June 3, 2026, China’s State Council officially released the special plan for accelerating agricultural and rural modernization during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, laying out core development tasks for rural industrial upgrading, digital agriculture construction and urban-rural integrated development in the next five years. This policy marks a key step in promoting high-quality rural economic development and consolidating the foundation of China’s modern economic system. Different from previous rural development policies focusing on basic infrastructure construction, the new plan takes digital productivity as the core driving force of rural revitalization. It comprehensively promotes the digital transformation of traditional agriculture, covering intelligent planting, automated breeding, and full-process digital supervision of agricultural production. The government will support the popularization of agricultural IoT equipment, drone farming and smart farm management systems to improve agricultural production efficiency. In terms of industrial layout, the plan focuses on cultivating characteristic rural industries, including rural new energy, cultural tourism and prefabricated agricultural products. It optimizes the rural industrial structure, extends the agricultural industrial chain, and increases the added value of agricultural products. Meanwhile, the country will improve the cold chain logistics system for agricultural products and perfect rural consumption supporting facilities to activate rural market consumption potential. The policy also emphasizes the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promoting the two-way flow of talents, capital and resources between urban and rural regions. It revitalizes idle rural land and residential resources, and injects sustained vitality into rural economic development. Economists pointed out that the implementation of the rural modernization plan will effectively expand domestic rural demand, optimize China’s agricultural industrial structure, and form a new growth pole for the steady development of the national economy in the medium and long term.